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What Is RFID Access Control and How Does It Work?


RFID access control systems allow you to determine who enters and exits a specific location at any given time. It includes an automated system that identifies a person, authenticates their information, and grants access after verification.


The system is designed to restrict access to a building to specific individuals. These people must have an RFID card, RFID key fob, RFID wristband, or any other type of RFID tag containing their verification information.


If that sounds confusing, don't be concerned! This article provides a detailed explanation of how RFID access control systems work.

 

An RFID Access Control System Is What?

 

Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is an abbreviation for Radio Frequency Identification. This is a system that transmits data via radio waves.

 

A reader and a tag are required for a complete RFID system. The tag should preferably be writable and readable so that you can write specific information about a specific person.

 

Furthermore, the write/read attribute enables you to use a single tag for multiple people at different times. When an employee resigns, for example, you can easily erase their data and create new data for a new employee.

 

To function properly, an RFID access system must include all of the following components:

 

RFID Access Control System Components

 

The Server's name. This component is in charge of the whitelist (a list of all individuals allowed to access a given premise). The management controls the system by entering/saving the credentials of all expected visitors.

 

Credentials. These are specific details that an organization chooses to use for identifying visitors/employees. It could be anything from unique PINS to Identity Card Numbers and Unique Codes. There are no standards for credentials, and the data used is entirely at the discretion of management.

 

RFID tags The credentials are stored in this component. The information written on the tags must be an exact match to the information on the whitelist. Any errors in copying the data will result in the tag being rejected by the readers. Cards, key fobs, bracelets, and wristbands can all be attached to the tag.

 

RFID scanner To scan RFID tags, an RFID reader must be strategically placed. The tagged user will be granted access if the information stored in the tag matches that on the system's database.

 

Controller. This component compares the RFID reader data to the information stored in the whitelist. If the credentials match, it sends a signal to the door lock to open.

 

Lock the door. The RFID door lock system is fully automated and reliant on the controller. The control panel will send either open or close signals. Depending on the type of signal received, the door will either open or remain closed after receiving it.

 

While this may appear to be a lengthy procedure, it is actually quite quick! The entire identification process takes only a few seconds!

 

RFID Access Control in Action

 

The functionality of an RFID access control system can be simplified in two simple steps:

 

Data Visualization

 

Authorization and authentication of data

 

Data Visualization

 

This is the first stage of access control. It is necessary for data to be presented to the RFID reader for analysis.

 

Depending on the needs and preferences of the management, the data can be presented in a variety of ways. The encoded data, however, must be unique to each employee. Data duplication will result in errors, which may cause admission to be delayed.

 

The steps for data presentation are as follows:

 

Data on the Control System is being updated. An RFID access control system's control system is the key decision-making component. It is the organization's memory. It stores all of the information required for entry into the premises. The credentials of expected visitors must be updated by management.

 

RFID tag creation Once management has decided on the data combination to be used in the control system, the exact data must be transferred to an RFID tag. The tag is then attached to something like a card, key fob, or badge.

 

Presentation of RFID Cards The expected visitor must be equipped with an RFID card (or any other object of choice containing their unique RFID tags).

 

It should be noted that the majority of RFID control systems are highly automated. You're unlikely to get help at the door. The RFID reader, on the other hand, will immediately detect your RFID tag and open the door for you to enter the premises without restriction.

 

Authorization of Data

 

RFID control systems have reached their conclusion. It entails data analysis and verification. The system includes a control panel and a memory that stores information about all expected visitors/employees.

 

When a person approaches the door, the following sequence of events occurs:

 

The RFID tag is activated. RFID readers, which are typically located near the door, emit electromagnetic signals. When the tag receives these signals, it powers up and transmits the saved data to the reader.

 

Data is received by RFID reader. The reader includes an antenna for receiving and transmitting data. This reader will send the data to the control panel for analysis as soon as it receives it.

 

Data contrast. When the control panel receives information from the reader, it searches its database. If the data sent matches anything on the whitelist, the door will automatically open.

 

The system will not function if any of these actions is interrupted. If you are unable to gain access despite having a valid RFID card, you must contact management. The two possible scenarios are incorrect data being copied to the card or a system malfunction.

 

RFID Access Control System Advantages and Disadvantages

 

RFID access control systems provide numerous security benefits to a company. They ensure that only authorized individuals have access to the specified premises.

 

It also assists a company in assigning specific roles to specific employees. As a result, it will be easier to prevent data breaches because employees will be held accountable for every action they take while on duty.

 

RFID cards are also long-lasting. It can withstand harsh environments, making it less expensive than alternatives such as barcodes.

 

RFID access systems, however, have a number of disadvantages. For example, there is a chance that the system will be hacked, resulting in the leak of private data. They can also be cloned if hackers obtain information about the card. Fortunately, the RFID tags can be easily deactivated, eliminating the concern that they will be used by cybercriminals.


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